Which nursing intervention best enhances maternal-infant bonding during the fourth stage of labor?

• A. Brighten the lighting so the mother can view the infant.
• B. Complete the newborn assessment as quickly as possible.
• C. Provide positive reinforcement for maternal care of infant.
• D. Encourage early initiation of breast or formula feeding.

Answer: (D)

Bonding in the immediate postpartum period happens most effectively when the mother and newborn share close, responsive contact, with caregiving actions that invite the infant’s cues. Encouraging early initiation of feeding places the infant at the mother’s breast or at her side for feeding soon after birth, which promotes sustained physical closeness, conversation through eye contact and touch, and the mother’s sense of competence. This early feeding also triggers oxytocin in the mother, strengthening nurturing behaviors and soothing both mother and baby, which reinforces the bond. While other strategies can support the experience, none align as directly with the interactive, physiologic and emotional processes that foster attachment as quickly as beginning feeding early, whether breastfeeding or formula feeding, with warmth, support, and opportunity for ongoing maternal-infant interaction.